Does this paper stand on retracted work — one hop out, or two?
Paste a DOI. GhostCite resolves its reference list, then the reference lists of those references, and checks both against the retraction record. It reports when each citation was made relative to the retraction, because that is the difference between an error and an accident of timing.
Why the second hop
In two random samples totalling 600 papers published since January 2024:
8cite retracted work directly
1.3% — what level 1 tools find
111cite a paper that itself does
18.5% — what nothing else looks for
Most of these are not misconduct. 53 of the 600 depend on work that had already been retracted when it was cited; the rest predate their notices. GhostCite says which is which. Full findings and method.